Unit Six, Earth first

shark
/ʃɑːk/ n.[ C ]鲨鱼

They drove the shark away.
他们把鲨鱼赶走了。

scare
/skeə/ v.[ I or T ]（使）惊恐，（使）害怕；受惊吓，感到害怕

It scared me to think I was alone in the building.
想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。

fin
/fɪn/ n. [ C ] 鱼鳍[ yú qí ]

A high bony fin was cutting through the water toward him.
一个高高的骨状鱼鳍正划破水面，向他追来。

dive
/daɪv/ v.[ I ]（尤指头和手臂先入水的）跳水；下潜；（通常指携带呼吸设备的）潜水

Dive with me in the darkness.
和我一起在黑暗中潜水。

target
/ˈtɑːɡɪt/ n.[ C ]（攻击、轰炸等的）目标；（批评、嘲笑等的）对象

And then we predict which target he wants to go to.
然后我们预测它要去哪个目标。

fortunately
/ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)nətli/ adv.幸运地，走运地

Fortunately, you have the power to change all that.
幸运的是，你有能力改变这一切。

extinction
/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]灭绝；绝种

They are in danger of extinction, so we have to save them.
他们正处于灭绝的危险中，所以我们必须拯救他们。

attitude
/ˈætɪtjuːd/ n.[ C or U ]心态；看法；态度

All you have to do is change your attitude.
你所要做的就是改变你的态度。

devote
/dɪˈvəʊt/ v. 致力，献身，倾注；将…贡献给，把…奉献给

She devoted herself to her career.
她全力倾注于自己的事业。

ocean
/ˈəʊʃ(ə)n/ n.[ S ]海洋，大洋；大海

The plane hit the ocean several miles offshore.
飞机在距离海岸数英里处坠入大海。

highlight
/ˈhaɪlaɪt/ v.[ T ] 标出；使引起注意，强调

I've highlighted the important passages in yellow.
我用黄色标出了重要段落。

cruelty
/ˈkruːəlti/ n.[ U or C ]残忍，残酷；残酷行为；虐待

The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.
他故意说的残酷无情的话对她像刀割一样。

hunting
/ˈhʌntɪŋ/ n.[ U ]狩猎[ shòu liè ]，打猎，捕猎

Since 1977 otter hunting has been illegal.
捕猎水獭[ shuǐ tǎ ]1977年以后就被列为非法了。

presentation
/ˌprez(ə)nˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ n.[ C ]（颁奖等的）仪式，场合；授予，颁发

The presentation of prizes began after the speeches.
颁奖仪式在演讲结束后开始。

reserve
/rɪˈzɜːv/ v.[ T ]预订；预约

I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.
我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。

staff
/stɑːf/ n.[ S, + sing/pl verb ]全体员工，全体雇员

We have twenty part-time members of staff.
我们有二十名兼职员工。

establish
/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v.[ T often passive ]建立；设立；创立

The committee was established in 1912.
这个委员会创立于1912年。

damage
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n.[ U ]损害；损失；危害；损坏；伤害

The storm didn't do much damage.
暴风雨并未造成严重损失。

drought
/draʊt/ n.[ C or U ]久旱，旱灾，干旱

This is one of the worst droughts on record.
这是有史以来最严重的干旱之一。

flood
/flʌd/ n.[ C or U ]洪水，水灾

Police have issued flood warnings for Nevada.
警方已向内华达州发出洪水警报。

affect
/əˈfekt/ v.[ T ]影响；侵袭；感染；打动

Your opinion will not affect my decision.
你的意见不会影响到我的决定。

supply
/səˈplaɪ/ n.[ C or U ]（煤气、电力、自来水等）供应（系统）

The water supply is unsafe.
供水不稳定。

restore
/rɪˈstɔː/ v.[ T ]使恢复；使复原

Order was quickly restored after the riots.
暴乱过后秩序很快得到了恢复。

adopt
/əˈdɒpt/ v.[ T or I ]收养；领养

She was forced to have her baby adopted.
她被迫把婴儿给人收养。

sustainable
/səˈsteɪnəb(ə)l/ adj.可持续的，能长期保持的

The creation of an efficient and sustainable transport system is critical.
一个高效而可持续发展的交通系统的创建是非常重要的。

bulb
/bʌlb/ n.[C]电灯泡

The stairwell was lit by a single bulb.
楼梯间只有一盏灯照明。

renewable
/rɪˈnjuːəb(ə)l/ adj.可延长有效期的；可展期的

A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.
正式签订了每年可续签的合同。

carbon
/ˈkɑːbən/ n.[ U ]碳

What should we do to low-carbon life?
我们应该为低碳生活做些什么？

greenhouse
/ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n.[ C ]温室，暖房

He works in his greenhouse on Sundays.
他星期天在温室里工作。

reusable
/riːˈjuːzəb(ə)l/ adj.可重复使用的

You have a reusable aspect that can be applied and enhanced.
你有一个可重复使用的方面，可以被应用和加强。

brochure
/brəʊˈʃʊr/ n.[ C ]小册子；资料（或广告）手册

We have a brochure of our hotel in your room.
在您的房间里有一本介绍我们酒店的小册子。

reduce
/rɪˈdjuːs/ v.[ I or T ]减少；减小；降低；缩小

Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart disease.
戒烟会减少得心脏病的风险。

solar
/ˈsəʊlə/ adj.[ before noun ]太阳的；来自太阳的；使用太阳能的

I especially like his solar work.
我特别喜欢他的太阳能工作。

release
/rɪˈliːs/ v.[ T ]释放，放走；放开，松开

He refused to release her arms.
他不肯放开她的胳膊。

smog
/smɒɡ/ n.[ S or U ]（尤指城市中的）雾霾，烟雾

Can they even see the light through all that smog?
他们能透过烟雾看到光吗？

fog
/fɒɡ/ n.[ U ]雾

We get heavy fogs on this coast in winter.
这海岸冬天有大雾。

severe
/sɪˈvɪə/ adj.非常严重的；剧烈的；惨重的

The party suffered severe losses during the last election.
该党在上次选举中损失惨重。

infection
/ɪnˈfekʃ(ə)n/ n.[ C or U ]（由细菌或病毒造成的身体部位的）感染

Ear infections are common in preschool children.
耳朵感染在学前儿童中很常见。

lecture
/ˈlektʃə/ v.[ I ]（常指在大学里）开讲座，讲课，讲授

She then invited him to Atlanta to lecture on the history of art.
然后她邀请他到亚特兰大做艺术史讲座。

permission
/pəˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]允许，许可，准许

He asked permission to leave the room.
他请求允许离开房间。

slide
/slaɪd/ v.[ I or T ]（使）滑动，（使）滑行

She slid the door open.
她把门滑开了。

majority
/məˈdʒɒrəti/ n.[ S ]大多数，大部分

The majority of my patients come to me from out of the town.
我的大多数病人都是从外地来找我的。

false
/fɔːls/ adj.错误的

A whale is a fish. True or false?
鲸鱼是鱼。对还是错？

amount
/əˈmaʊnt/ n.[ C ]（尤指不可数事物的）数量；数额；量；总数

The insurance company will refund any amount due to you.
保险公司将退还你应得的所有款项。

device
/dɪˈvaɪs/ n.[C]炸弹；爆炸装置

A powerful device exploded outside the station.
一枚威力巨大的炸弹在车站外爆炸了。

stand-by
/ˈstændbaɪ/ adj.备用的；辅助的；应急的

These parts of the stand-by generator are not worth repairing.
备用发电机的这些部件不值得修理。

mode
/məʊd/ n.[ C or U ](formal)（机器、设备的）运行方式，状态，模式

Switch the camera into the automatic mode.
将照相机调到自动拍摄状态。

electricity
/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsɪti/ n.[ U ]电；电能；电流

The electricity is off.
电流切断了。

leak
/liːk/ v.[ I or T ]（液体或气体）漏，泄漏，渗漏

The tank had leaked a small amount of water.
水箱渗漏出少量的水。

appliance
/əˈplaɪəns/ n.[ C ]装置，器械；（尤指）家用电器

Maybe they will get a new appliance because the dishwasher is broken.
也许他们会因为洗碗机坏了而得到一个新的电器。

remove
/rɪˈmuːv/ v.[ T ]拿开；移开；拿开；去掉；除去；调动

He removed his hand from her shoulder.
他将手从她的肩膀上拿开。

plug
/plʌɡ/ n.[ C ]（电）插头

This is a three-pin plug.
这是一个三相插头。

litre
/ˈliːtə/ n.[ C ](UK)(US usually liter)（度量单位）升

This bottle holds one litre.
这个瓶子装得下一升。

campaign
/kæmˈpeɪn/ n.[ C ]（尤指政治、商业或军事的）专项活动，运动

During his election campaign, he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
他在竞选时许诺将重振经济。

urge
/ɜːdʒ/ v.[ I or T ]敦促；驱策；力劝

She urged him to stay.
她力劝他留下。

canteen
/kænˈtiːn/ n.[ C ]（工厂、学校等的）食堂，餐厅，饮食部

Ronnie had eaten his supper in the canteen.
伦尼已在食堂吃过晚饭。

concerned
/kənˈsɜːnd/ adj.担忧的；担心的；忧虑的；挂念的

The president is deeply concerned about this issue.
总统对这个问题深感担忧。

contribute
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ v.[ I or T ]贡献，奉献，捐献（尤指钱）

Would you like to contribute to our collection?
你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗？

average
/ˈæv(ə)rɪdʒ/ adj.[ before noun ]平均的

Average earnings are around 20,000 pounds per annum.
平均年收入约为两万英镑。

be scared of
/biː skeəd əv/ 害怕……；对……感到恐惧

She is scared of going out alone.
她不敢一个人外出。

due to
/djuː tu/ 由于，因为

Most of the problems were due to human error.
多数问题都是人为错误造成的。

cut (sth) off
/ˈkʌt ɒf/ （用锋利的刀具等）去除，切除，剪去

Mrs Johnson cut off a generous piece of the meat.
约翰逊太太切下一大块肉。

have an impact on
/hæv ən ˈɪmpækt ɒn/ 对于……有影响；对……造成冲击

Climate change could have an impact on animal evolution and ecology.
气候变化可能会对动物进化和生态产生影响。

come across (sb/sth)
/kʌm əˈkrɒs/ 偶然碰见（某人）；偶然发现；碰见；无意中发现（某物）

Where did you come across him?
你在哪里碰到他的？

rather than
/ˈrɑːðə(r) ðæn/ 宁愿，更喜欢；而不是

I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想我该要一杯冷饮，而不要咖啡。

take care of (sb/sth)
/teɪk keə(r) əv/ 照顾，照看，照料

He's old enough to take care of himself.
他够大了，可以自己照顾自己了。

mistake (sb/sth) for (sb/sth)
/mɪˈsteɪk fɔː(r)/ 把…误认为

I think you must be mistaking me for someone else.
我想你一定是认错人了。

turn off
/ˈtɜːn ɒf/ 关掉，关闭

Please turn the television off before you go to bed.
睡觉前请关上电视。

be better for
/biː ˈbetə(r) fɔː(r)/ 对……更好

It is not better for humans to get all they want.
对人类来说，得到他们想要的一切并不是更好的。

take (sth) into account
/teɪk ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt/ 考虑到；顾及

Coursework is taken into account as well as exam results.
除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。

depend on
/dɪˈpend ɒn/ 取决于；随……而定

The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.
烹饪时间长短取决于土豆的大小。