Unit Five, What an adventure!

initial
/ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l/ adj.[ before noun ]开始的，最初的

My initial reaction was to decline the offer.
我最初的反应是婉言谢绝这个提议。

thus
/ðʌs/ adv.(formal)因此，从而

The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education.
大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育。

zone
/zəʊn/ n.[ C ]（尤指有不同特征或用途的）地带，地区

Many people have stayed behind in the potential war zone.
许多人留在了可能会沦为交战区的地方。

oxygen
/ˈɒksɪdʒ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]氧，氧气

The human brain needs to be without oxygen for only four minutes before permanent damage occurs.
人的大脑缺氧4分钟后便会造成永久性损伤。

border
/ˈbɔːdə/ n.[ C ]国境；边界；边境

Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries.
士兵们已暂时封闭了两国的边界。

confirm
/kənˈfɜːm/ v.[ T ]确定；证实；肯定

Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.
有人失业的传言后来得到了证实。

crowd
/kraʊd/ n.[ C ]人群；群众

A huge crowd gathered in a square outside the shopping mall.
一大群人聚集在购物中心外的广场上。

sheer
/ʃɪə/ adj.[ before noun ]纯粹的，十足的；完全的，彻底的；全然的

His music is sheer delight.
听他的音乐绝对是一种享受。

attempt
/əˈtempt/ n.[ C ]（尤指为完成难事而进行的）努力，尝试；试图

They made an attempt to climb the mountain.
他们试图爬山。

failure
/ˈfeɪljə/ n.[ C or U ]失败；失败的人（或事）

This policy is doomed to failure.
这项政策注定要失败。

psychologist
/saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n.[ C ]心理学家

Psychologist Michael Roy studies whether or not dogs and their owners resemble each other.
心理学家迈克尔·罗伊研究狗和它们的主人是否相似。

thrill
/θrɪl/ n.[ C ]兴奋；激动；紧张感

I can remember the thrill of not knowing what I would get on Christmas morning.
我还记得不知道圣诞节早上会收到什么礼物时的那种激动。

port
/pɔːt/ n.[ C or U ]港市；港

The ship spent four days in port.
该船在港口里停泊了四天。

unaware
/ˌʌnəˈweə/ adj.[ after verb ]未意识到的，不知道的

Mike seems unaware of the trouble he's causing.
迈克似乎没有意识到他造成的麻烦。

alcohol
/ˈælkəhɒl/ n.[ U ]酒；酒精，乙醇

Do either of you smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol?
你们俩有人吸烟或喝酒吗？

bandage
/ˈbændɪdʒ/ n.[ C or U ](US also gauze)绷带

We put some ointment and a bandage on his knee.
我们在他的膝盖上涂了些药膏并打上了绷带。

plaster
/ˈplɑːstə/ n.[ C or U ]橡皮膏，创可贴

This plaster will cure my wound.
这个创可贴能治好我的伤口。

thermometer
/θəˈmɒmɪtə/ n.[ C ]温度计；体温计

If you are right, the temperature in the thermometer will start to rise.
如果你是正确的，这支温度计的温度将会开始升高。

rubber
/ˈrʌbə/ n.[ U ]橡胶；合成橡胶

The smell of burning rubber is not pleasant.
橡胶燃烧的气味不好闻。

cotton
/ˈkɒtn/ n.[ U ]棉，棉花；棉线；棉布

The sheets are 100% pure cotton.
这些被单是100%的纯棉。

wool
/wʊl/ n.[ U ]羊毛；动物毛

A new invention means sheep do not have to be sheared – the wool just falls off.
一项新的发明意味着羊不必被剪毛 —— 羊毛就会脱落下来。

guideline
/ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/ n.[ C usually plural ]指导方针，指导原则，准则

The government should issue clear guidelines on the content of religious education.
政府应该颁布明确的关于宗教教育内容的指导方针。

cloth
/klɒθ/ n.[ U ]布，布料 n.[ C ]抹布[ mā bù ]

She began cleaning the wound with a piece of cloth.
她开始用一块布清洗伤口。

bleeding
/ˈbliːdɪŋ/ n.(bleed的动名词形式)流血，出血

Press firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding.
用力压住伤口止血。

liquid
/ˈlɪkwɪd/ n.[ C or U ]液体

Boil for 20 minutes until the liquid has reduced by half.
煮20分钟，直到液体体积减半。

injury
/ˈɪndʒəri/ n.[ C or U ]伤害，损伤

Four police officers sustained serious injuries in the explosion.
四名警官在爆炸中受了重伤。

stretch
/stretʃ/ v.[ I usually + adv/prep ]展开，铺开；延伸，绵延

The procession stretched for several miles.
游行队伍长达数英里。

league
/liːɡ/ n.里格（旧时长度单位，相当于3英里或3海里）

A league equals to about three miles or four thousand meters.
一个里格大约等于三英里或四千米。

servant
/ˈsɜːv(ə)nt/ n.[ C ]（尤指旧时的）佣人，仆人

They treat their mother like a servant.
他们像对待佣人一样对待自己的母亲。

submarine
/ˈsʌbməriːn/ n.[ C ]潜艇

Can you fix a position on the submarine?
你能给潜水艇定位吗？

charge
/tʃɑːdʒ/ n.[ U ]主管；照管；责任

She has charge of the day-to-day running of the business.
她负责掌管日常业务。

captain
/ˈkæptɪn/ n.[ C ]船长；机长

The captain gave the order to abandon ship.
船长下令弃船。

ahead
/əˈhed/ adv.在前面，在前方

I'll run ahead and warn them.
我要跑在前头，警告他们。

permit
/pəˈmɪt/ v.[ T ]允许，准许

Smoking is not permitted in most public places.
大多数公共场所都不允许吸烟。

fascinated
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/ adj.极感兴趣的；入迷的

The children watched, fascinated, as the picture began to appear.
电影开始以后孩子们入迷地观看着。

chapter
/ˈtʃæptə/ n.[ C ]章，回，篇

I've just finished Chapter Three.
我刚读完第三章。

relate
/rɪˈleɪt/ v.[ I or T ]讲述；叙述

She began to cry when she related to her father.
当她谈到她父亲时，她哭了起来。

helmet
/ˈhelmɪt/ n.[ C ]头盔，安全帽

Can you help me take off my helmet?
你能帮我摘下头盔吗？

nut
/nʌt/ n.[ C ]坚果

Nuts and seeds are good sources of vitamin E.
坚果和种子里含有丰富的维生素E。

astonish
/əˈstɒnɪʃ/ v.[ T ]使吃惊；使惊讶

The news astonished everyone.
这个消息使大家十分惊讶。

ray
/reɪ/ n.[ C ]光线，光束

The sun's rays can penetrate water up to 10 feet.
阳光的光线一直能透射到水下10英尺处。

consume
/kənˈsjuːm/ v.[ T ]（尤指大量地）消耗，消费，花费

The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels.
电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。

distinguish
/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v.[ I or T, not continuous ]区分，分辨；使有所区别

Could he distinguish right from wrong?
他能辨别是非吗?

gradually
/ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv.逐步地，逐渐地；平缓地

Electricity lines to thirty thousand homes were gradually being restored yesterday.
三万户家庭的电力线路昨日逐步恢复。

surround
/səˈraʊnd/ v.[ T ]环绕，围绕，包围

The house is surrounded by trees.
这房子四周都是树。

wrinkled
/ˈrɪŋk(ə)ld/ adj.（布料）有褶皱的；（皮肤）长满皱纹的

His suit was wrinkled and he looked very tired.
他的外套皱皱巴巴[ zhòu zhòu bā bā ]的，整个人显得非常疲惫。

shore
/ʃɔː/ n.[ C or U ]（海、湖或大河的）滨，岸

They walked down to the shore.
他们走到岸边。

carpet
/ˈkɑːpɪt/ n.[ C or U ]地毯；地毯织物

They put down wooden boards, and laid new carpets on top.
他们铺好木地板，在上面铺上新地毯。

intensity
/ɪnˈtensɪti/ n.[ C or U ]（光、声等的）强度

The intensity of the hurricane was frightening.
飓风的强度令人害怕。

vibration
/vaɪˈbreɪʃ(ə)n/ n.[ C or U ]持续振动；轻微抖动；震动，颤动，抖动

We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside.
我们可以感到外面卡车经过时的颤动。

atom
/ˈætəm/ n.[ C ]原子

Two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water.
两个氢原子和一个氧原子结合而成一个水分子。

depth
/depθ/ n.[ C or U ]深度

Water was found at a depth of thirty meters.
在三十米深的地方发现了水。

broad
/brɔːd/ adj.宽的，宽广的

His shoulders were broad and his waist was narrow.
他肩宽腰细。

beneath
/bɪˈniːθ/ prep.在（或往）…下面；在（或往）…下方

She could see the muscles of his shoulders beneath his T-shirt.
她可以看到他T恤衫下的肩部肌肉。

resident
/ˈrezɪd(ə)nt/ n.[ C ]居民；住户

There were confrontations between local residents and the police.
当地居民和警察之间有过冲突。

male
/meɪl/ n.[ C ]男孩；男子；雄性动物

The male of the species has a white tail.
这一物种的雄性有一条白色的尾巴。

in search of (sb/sth)
/ɪn sɜːrtʃ əv/ 寻找

We started off at once in search of the missing child.
我们立即出发寻找那个失踪的孩子。

due to
/djuː tu/ 由于，因为

Most of the problems were due to human error.
大多数问题都是人为错误造成的。

make money
/meɪk ˈmʌni/ 赚钱

Like all businesses, we want to make money.
像所有的买卖一样，我们也需要赚钱。

succeed in doing
/səkˈsiːd ɪn ˈduːɪŋ/ 成功地做某事

He succeeded in getting a place at the art school.
他被艺术学校录取了。

take one's life
/teɪk wʌnz laɪf/ 取某人的命，杀死某人

Even though he was a monster, it still didn't give the right to take his life.
即使他是一个怪物，仍然没有权利剥夺他的生命。

bring into focus
/brɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈfəʊkəs/ 对好焦距；使变得清楚

If the camera is not brought into focus, the photo will be blurred.
如果相机没有对焦，照片就会模糊。

figure (sth/sb) out
/ˈfɪɡə(r) aʊt/ 弄懂，弄明白；想出

It is fun to figure out how humans evolved.
弄清楚人类是如何进化的是一件有趣的事情。

take risks
/teɪk rɪsks/ 冒险

He felt he had to decide on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得自己必须决定每一步，而不是冒险。

refer to (sb/sth)
/rɪˈfɜː(r) tu/ （尤指简短地）提到，谈及，谈起；把……称为……

Some kids like to refer to their mothers as angels.
有些孩子喜欢把他们的母亲称为天使。

take one's temperature
/teɪk wʌnz ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ 量体温

You look sick, let me take your temperature.
你看起来不舒服，让我量一下你的体温。

in charge
/ɪn tʃɑːdʒ/ 负责管理，负责掌管

It may look as though these guys are in charge, but you're the one with all the power.
看起来好像是这些人说了算，但你才是拥有所有权力的人。

look back upon
/lʊk bæk əˈpɒn/ 回忆，回顾

Perhaps some day it will be pleasant to look back upon these days.
也许有一天，回顾这些日子会很愉快。

leave an impression upon somebody
/liːv ən ɪmˈpreʃn əˈpɒn ˈsʌmbədi/ 给某人留下印象

His works often leave an enlightening and refreshing impression upon the viewers.
他的作品常常给人以启迪和耳目一新的印象。

at/from a distance
/æt ə ˈdɪstəns/ 从远处，自远处

A young girl with wild hair and wide eyes followed us at a distance.
一个披头散发、大眼睛的年轻女孩远远地跟在我们后面。

account (to sb) for
/əˈkaʊnt fɔː(r)/ （对某人）就…作出解释；（对某人）就…作出说明

The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.
天气不好可能是人少的原因。

in broad daylight
/ɪn brɔːd ˈdeɪlaɪt/ 大白天；光天化日之下

He was afraid to be seen shaking hands with me in broad daylight.
他害怕被人看见在光天化日之下和我握手。