Unit Four, Breaking boundaries
boundary
/ˈbaʊnd(ə)ri/ n.[ C ]分界线;边界;界限
The fence marks the boundary between my property and hers.
那道篱笆是我和她的地产之间的分界线。
statistic
/stəˈtɪstɪk/ n.[ C ]statistics[ plural ](informal stats)统计数据;统计资料 n.[ U ]统计学
According to official statistics the disease killed over 500 people.
根据官方的统计数字,500多人死于这种疾病。
assist
/əˈsɪst/ v.[ I or T ](formal)帮助;协助;援助
We'll do all we can to assist you.
我们要尽量帮助你。
tackle
/ˈtæk(ə)l/ v.[ T ]对付,处理,解决;与…交涉
The government is determined to tackle inflation.
政府决心解决通货膨胀问题。
vital
/ˈvaɪtl/ adj.必不可少的;极其重要的
The police play a vital role in our society.
警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。
comrade
/ˈkɒmrɪd/ n.[ C ](尤指共患难过的)朋友,同志;(通常指)战友
They were old army comrades.
他们是部队的老战友。
tragic
/ˈtrædʒɪk/ adj.哀痛的;悲惨的
He was killed in a tragic accident at the age of 24.
他24岁时在一次悲惨的事故中丧命。
Ebola
/ɪˈbəʊlə/ n.[ U ]埃博拉出血热(症状为高烧和内出血的急性传染病);埃博拉病毒
Ebola is not as easily spread as viruses such as smallpox.
埃博拉病毒不像天花这类病毒那样容易传播。
combat
/kəmˈbæt/ v.[ T ]与…战斗;与…作斗争;打击;制止;防止
Congress has criticized new government measures to combat crime.
国会批评了新政府防止犯罪的措施。
relieve
/rɪˈliːv/ v.[ T ]接替;换…的班;替下
You'll be relieved at six o'clock.
六点钟有人来换你的班。
specialist
/ˈspeʃ(ə)lɪst/ n.[ C ]专家;专业人员
A specialist is a person who has a particular skill or knows a lot about a particular subject.
专家是指掌握某一特定技能或对某一特定学科了解很多的人。
infectious
/ɪnˈfekʃəs/ adj.(疾病)传染性的
Flu is highly infectious.
流感的传染性很强。
clinic
/ˈklɪnɪk/ n.[ C ]诊所;门诊部
He is being treated at the London clinic.
他正在伦敦一家私人诊所接受治疗。
disinfect
/ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt/ v.[ T ]给…杀菌,为…除菌,替…消毒
Chlorine is used to disinfect water.
氯用来给水消毒。
outbreak
/ˈaʊtbreɪk/ n.[ C ](尤指疾病、危险或不快之事的)发作,暴发,突然发生
Outbreaks of rain are expected in the afternoon.
下午将有暴雨。
devotion
/dɪˈvəʊʃ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]忠诚,忠实;关爱;挚爱;爱戴;奉献
His devotion to his wife and family is touching.
他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。
vomit
/ˈvɒmɪt/ n.[ U ]呕吐物;呕吐
Zimmer slipped and nearly fell on a pool of vomit.
齐默滑了一跤,差点儿摔倒在一滩呕吐物上。
miracle
/ˈmɪrək(ə)l/ n.[ C ]奇迹
It is a miracle no one was killed.
没有人死亡真是个奇迹。
van
/væn/ n.[ C ]用于运输货物或动物的通常封闭的货车或机动卡车;封闭的铁路货车或行李车
The coffin was loaded into the van of the train.
棺材被装进了火车的行李车厢内。
twin
/twɪn/ adj.(出生时与另一人一起出生或在一次出生时成对出生)双胞胎的
She gave birth to twin boys.
她生了一对双胞胎儿子。
ward
/wɔːd/ n.[ C ]病房,病室
He worked as a nurse on the children's ward.
他在儿科病房当护士。
compensate
/ˈkɒmpənseɪt/ v.[ I ]弥补,补偿 v.[ T ]赔偿;补偿
Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.
失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。
collaborate
/kəˈlæbəreɪt/ v.[ I ]合作;协作
We have collaborated on many projects over the years.
这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
mankind
/ˌmænˈkaɪnd/ n.[ U ]人类
One of writer's favorite themes is the fraternity of mankind.
作家最喜欢写的一个主题是人类的博爱。
realistic
/rɪəˈlɪstɪk/ adj.现实的;实事求是的;务实的
We have to be realistic about our chances of winning.
我们必须实事求是地估计我们获胜的可能性。
minority
/maɪˈnɒrɪti/ n.[ S ]少数 n.[ C ]少数民族;少数派;少数民族人士;少数派人士
Only a small minority of students are/is interested in politics these days.
目前,只有极少数同学对政治感兴趣。
cast
/kæst/ v.[ T ]看一眼(冲……一笑等)
She cast a welcoming smile in his direction.
她向他微笑以示欢迎。
inclusive
/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj.广泛的,可以包容的,具有包容性的
The party must adopt more inclusive strategies and a broader vision.
这个党必须采取更广泛的策略和更远大的视野。
culture shock
/ˈkʌltʃə ʃɒk/ 文化冲击,文化震惊,文化休克(指去异国或异地时产生的困惑感)
Chuck is jobless, homeless, friendless, and suffering from culture shock.
查克没有工作,无家可归,没有朋友,还正在遭受着文化冲击。
joint
/dʒɔɪnt/ adj.共有的,共享的;共同的
They finished in joint first place.
他们获得并列第一。
harmonious
/hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj.和睦的;和谐的;协调的;融洽的
Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.
他们和谐的关系部分源于他们相似的目标。
mutual
/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/ adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的
We met at the home of a mutual friend.
我们在一位共同的朋友家里见过面。
rewarding
/rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ adj.值得做的;有意义的
Nursing can be a very rewarding career.
做护士可以是非常有意义的职业。
mount
/maʊnt/ v.[ T ]登上
He mounted the platform and addressed the crowd.
他登上讲台对人群发表演说。
civil
/ˈsɪv(ə)l/ adj.[ before noun ]文职的;民用的;平民的;国民的;世俗的;习俗的;普通人的;老百姓的
They were married on August 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice.
他们于8月9号在威尼斯举行了世俗婚礼。
civil war
/ˌsɪvl ˈwɔː(r)/ n.[ C ]内战
A civil war is a war which is fought between different groups of people who live in the same country.
内战是指生活在同一个国家的不同群体之间的战争。
slave
/sleɪv/ n.[ C ]奴隶
She treated her daughter like a slave.
她对待女儿像对待奴隶一样。
confederate
/kənˈfed(ə)rɪt/ adj.(美国内战1861年4月12日至1865年4月9日期间)南部联邦的
Some local groups united to form confederate councils.
一些地方团体联合起来组成南部邦联委员会(1865年被击败)。
union
/ˈjuːnjən/ n.[ C, + sing/pl verb ](同 trade union)(UK also trades union) (US also labor union)工会
I've joined the union.
我已经加入了工会。
civilian
/səˈvɪl.jən/ n.[ C ]平民;老百姓
He left the army and returned to civilian life.
他退伍后恢复平民生活。
division
/dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]分配;分配方法
The current division of labor between workers and management will alter.
当前工人与管理部门的分工将会改变。
bring forth (something)
/brɪŋ fɔːθ/ 使某事发生、被看见或被知道
These efforts will surely bring forth good fruit.
这些努力必将产生良好的结果。
conceive
/kənˈsiːv/ v.[ I or T ]想象;想出;构想
God is often conceived of as male.
上帝常常被想像为男性。
liberty
/ˈlɪbəti/ n.[ U ](formal)自由
He had to endure six months' loss of liberty.
他得忍受六个月失去自由之苦。
dedicate
/ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v.[ T ]奉献,献出(全部精力、时间等)
She dedicates herself to her work.
她献身于自己的工作。
endure
/ɪnˈdʊr/ v.[ T ]忍耐;忍受
She could not endure the thought of parting.
一想到分别她就无法忍受。
battlefield
/ˈbætlfiːld/ n.[ C ]战场,战地
The castle stands on the site of an ancient battlefield.
那座城堡坐落在一片古战场上。
portion
/ˈpɔːʃ(ə)n/ n.[ C ]一部分;一份
Only a small portion of the budget is spent on books.
购书只占预算的一小部分。
altogether
/ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə/ adv.总共,一共
We have invited fifty people altogether.
我们总共邀请了五十个人。
consecrate
/ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/ v.[ T ]使圣化;把…奉为神圣;给…祝圣;宣布……为神圣之处
The church was consecrated in 1853.
这座教堂于1853年祝圣。(这座教堂于1853年被奉为圣地。)
hallow
/ˈhæləʊ/ v.[ T usually passive ]把……奉为神圣;把……封为神圣之物
the Ganges is hallowed as a sacred, cleansing river.
恒河被奉为有净化作用的圣河。
detract (from sth)
/dɪˈtrækt/ v.(在价值、美誉度等方面)对…产生不利影响;贬低;有损于;影响
He was determined not to let anything detract from his enjoyment of the trip.
他下决心这次旅行不让任何事情影响他的兴致。
nobly
/ˈnəʊbli/ adv.高贵地,贵族地
But very few people acted responsibly, honorably or nobly (the very word sounds odd today).
但是很少有人负责任地、光荣而高贵地(这个词儿现在听起来有点儿奇怪)做事。
in vain
/ɪn veɪn/ 徒劳地;枉然地;无用地;不成功地
She searched in vain for her passport.
她翻找自己的护照,但没找着。
perish
/ˈperɪʃ/ v.[ I ](尤指因事故或遇害)丧生,死亡;消亡;毁灭
A family of four perished in the fire.
一家四口死于此次火灾之中。
influential
/ˌɪnfluˈenʃ(ə)l/ adj.有影响力的
She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.
她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物。
communist
/ˈkɒmjʊnɪst/ adj.(also Communist)共产主义的;共产党的
In the following year, he joined the Communist Party.
第二年他参加了共产党。