Unit Six, Survival

crime
/kraɪm/ n.[ C ]罪，罪行

The massacre was a crime against humanity.
这场大屠杀是一桩反人类的罪行。

(the) seaside
/ˈsiːsaɪd/ n.[ S ](UK)（尤指度假、游玩的）海边，海滨

I went to spend a few days at the seaside.
我去海边玩了几天。

suburb
/ˈsʌbɜːb/ n.[ C ]城郊；近郊住宅区

His family lived in the suburbs.
他家住在城郊。

greedy
/ˈɡriːdi/ adj.贪吃的；贪财的；贪婪的

You greedy pig! You've already had two helpings!
你这个馋嘴！你已经吃了两份了！

thief
/θiːf/ n.[ C ]小偷，贼

The thieves snatched the camera.
窃贼抢走了相机。

commit
/kəˈmɪt/ v.[ T ]做（违法或错误的事）；犯（罪、错）

I have never committed any crime.
我从来没犯过罪。

chacma baboon
/ˈtʃækmə bəˈbuːn/ 南非大狒，大狒狒[dà fèi fèi]

It's a study of the chacma baboon.
这是一项关于南非大狒狒的研究。

fox
/fɒks/ n.[ C ]狐，狐狸 n.[ C usually singular ]狡猾的人 n.[ C ](US informal)狐狸精，狐媚子[hú mèi zǐ]，性感女郎 n.[ U ]狐狸皮

He's a wily old fox.
他是个诡计多端的老狐狸。

urban
/ˈɜːbən/ adj.城市的，城镇的

For a small state it has a large urban population.
作为一个小州，其城市人口算是很多了。

predator
/ˈpredətə/ n.[ C ]捕食性动物，食肉动物

With no natural predators on the island, the herd increased rapidly.
由于岛上没有天然的食肉动物，牧群的数量迅速增加。

newcomer
/ˈnjuːkʌmə/ n.[ C ]新来者；新手

He must be a newcomer to town and he obviously didn't understand our local customs.
他一定是刚来到这个镇子，很明显他不了解我们当地的风俗。

flourish
/ˈflʌrɪʃ/ v.[ I ]茁壮成长；生长茂盛；蓬勃发展；繁荣；兴盛

These plants flourish in a damp climate.
这些植物在潮湿的气候下长势茂盛。

raccoon
/rækˈuːn/ n.[ C ](also racoon)浣熊[ huàn xióng ]（产于北美洲）

Then, toward evening, he spotted a raccoon high in a beech tree.
然后，傍晚时分，他在一棵山毛榉树上发现了一只浣熊。

container
/kənˈteɪnə/ n.[ C ]（尤指用于运输或储存的）容器

Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container.
如果贮藏[ zhù cáng ]在密封的容器里，食物能保持比较久的时间。

garbage
/ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n.[ U ](US)(also trash)(UK rubbish)垃圾，废物

Don't forget to take out the garbage!
可别忘了扔垃圾！

lamb
/læm/ n.[ C or U ]羊羔，小羊；羊羔肉

Laura was basting the leg of lamb.
劳拉正往羔羊腿上浇抹油脂。

kebab
/kəˈbɑːb/ n.[ C ](同 shish kebab /ˈʃiːʃ kəˌbɑːb/)(US also kabob)烤肉串

A kebab is pieces of meat or vegetables grilled on a long thin stick or slices of grilled meat served in pita (pitta的美式拼写) bread.
烤肉串是在细长的棍子上烤的肉或蔬菜，或者是放在皮塔饼里的烤肉片。

garlic
/ˈɡɑːlɪk/ n.[ U ]大蒜

Garlic is widely used in Chinese folk medicine.
大蒜广泛应用于中国民间医药。

estimate
/ˈestɪmeɪt/ v.[ T ]估计；估算；估价

The satellite will cost an estimated 400 million pounds.
这颗卫星估计将耗资四亿英镑。

migratory
/maɪˈɡreɪt(ə)ri/ adj.迁徙[ qiān xǐ ]的（指候鸟或其他动物的季节性迁徙特征）

A migratory bird, fish, or animal is one that migrates every year.
候鸟[ hòu niǎo ]、鱼类或动物是指每年都会迁徙的动物。

appreciate
/əˈpriːʃieɪt/ v.[ T ]欣赏；赏识；重视

Anyone can appreciate our music.
任何人都能欣赏我们的音乐。

crucial
/ˈkruːʃ(ə)l/ adj.至关重要的；关键的；决定性的

He had administrators under him but made the crucial decisions himself.
尽管他手下有许多官员，但重要的决定还是他自己做。

restrict
/rɪˈstrɪkt/ v.[ T ]限制；限定；妨碍

We restrict the number of students per class to ten.
我们将每个班的学生人数限定为十人。

hiker
/ˈhaɪkə/ n.[ C ]（在乡村的）远足者，健行者，徒步旅行者

A hiker is a person who is going for a long walk in the countryside for pleasure.
徒步旅行者是为了消遣而在乡下长途跋涉的人。

kit
/kɪt/ n.[ C ]（用于某种目的或活动的）成套工具（或服装）

Make sure you keep a well-stocked first aid kit ready to deal with any emergency.
确保你有一个储备充足的急救药箱以应对任何紧急情况。

optimistic
/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj.乐观的

She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.
她对会谈的结果不太乐观。

clay
/kleɪ/ n.[ U ]黏土，陶土

As the wheel turned, the potter shaped and squeezed to the lump of clay into a graceful shape.
随着陶轮的转动，制陶工人把那块黏土塑[sù]造、挤捏[niē]成了一个优雅的造型。

cave
/keɪv/ n.[ C ]洞穴；山洞；地洞

Outside the cave mouth the blackness of night was like a curtain.
洞口外面，漆黑的夜晚宛[wǎn]如一块幕布。

heat wave
/hiːt weɪv/ 酷热期，酷热季

Finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke.
最后，在第四天，酷热季爆发了。

indoors
/ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv.往室内；在室内

Many herbs can be grown indoors.
很多草本植物能在室内种植。

cope with
/kəʊp wɪð/ （成功地）对付，应付，处理

Fit people are better able to cope with stress.
健康的人更能应付压力。

fuel
/ˈfjuːəl/ n.[ C or U ]燃料；燃烧剂

They ran out of fuel.
他们的燃料用完了。

consumption
/kənˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n/ n.[ U ]消费量；消耗量

Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.
燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。

supplement
/ˈsʌplɪment/ v.[ T ]增加，补充，增补

He supplements his income by giving private lessons.
他还当家庭教师以补充收入。

eliminate
/ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ v.[ T ]排除；消除；清除

Credit cards eliminate the need to carry a lot of cash.
有了信用卡就用不着携带很多现金。

firefighter
/ˈfaɪəˌfaɪtə/ n.[ C ]消防队员

Firefighters are people whose job is to put out fires.
消防员的工作是扑灭火灾。

bring/get (sth) under control
// ……得到控制；……在控制中

It took two hours to bring the fire under control.
花了两个小时才控制住火势。

blaze
/bleɪz/ n.[ C ]大火，烈火

Five people died in the blaze.
有五人死于火灾。

fierce
/fɪəs/ adj.（人或动物）凶猛的

They look like the teeth of some fierce animal.
它们看上去像某种猛兽的牙齿。

react
/riˈækt/ v.[ I ]反应；作出回应

They reacted violently to the news.
他们对这个消息反应激烈。

monthly
/ˈmʌnθli/ adj.每月的；每月一次的；按月的

Many people are now having trouble making their monthly house payments.
许多人现在难以支付每月的房款。

get rid of (sth/sb)
/ɡet rɪd əv/ 摆脱掉…；免去…的负担

I can't get rid of this headache.
我这头疼老也不好。

advanced
/ədˈvɑːnst/ adj.先进的；高等的；高级的

It is a superpower equipped with the most advanced military technology in the world.
它是一个拥有世界上最先进军事技术的超级大国。

wipe
/waɪp/ v.[ T ]擦，拭[shì]，抹[ mǒ ]，揩[kāi]

I'll just wipe the table.
我只擦擦桌子。

wipe out
/waɪp aʊt/ 完全摧毁；使灭绝

Experts say if the island is not protected, the spill could wipe out the gulf's turtle population.
专家们说如果那座小岛得不到保护，此次泄露有可能使该海湾地区的海龟灭绝。

nuclear
/ˈnjuːkliə/ adj.核能的；使用核能的

The government did an about-turn over nuclear energy.
政府对核能的态度来了个180度的大转变。

terrifying
/ˈterɪfaɪɪŋ/ adj.很可怕的

I still find it terrifying to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses.
我仍旧[ réng jiù ]觉得自己被一大群马包围很可怕。

Mars
/mɑːz/ n.火星

Mars and earth have orbits which change with time.
火星和地球的轨道随着时间而发生改变。

hostile
/ˈhɒstaɪl/ adj.艰苦的，恶劣的；不利的；不适合生活或成长的

This area has some of the most hostile climatic conditions in the world.
该地区拥有一些世界上最恶劣的气候条件。

unmanned
/ˌʌnˈmænd/ adj.（宇宙飞船或岗哨等）无人的

Unmanned post offices meant millions of letters went unsorted.
邮局无人工作意味着许多信件无人分拣[fēn jiǎn]。

spacecraft
/ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ n.[ C ]宇宙飞船

It's the world's largest and most expensive unmanned spacecraft.
它是世界上最大、最昂贵的无人驾驶的宇宙飞船。

orbit
/ˈɔːbɪt/ v.[ I or T ]绕轨道运行，沿轨道围绕（行星或恒星）运行

The earth takes a year to orbit the sun.
地球绕太阳一周要一年的时间。

stunning
/ˈstʌnɪŋ/ adj.极漂亮的，极迷人的

You look absolutely stunning!
你看上去漂亮极了！

agency
/ˈeɪdʒ(ə)nsi/ n.[ C ]代理机构

You can book at your local travel agency.
你可以在当地的旅行社订票。

consist (of sth)
/kənˈsɪst/ v.由…组成，由…构成；包含

Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.
他们的日常饮食过去以蔬菜为主。

consist of (sth)
/kənˈsɪst əv/ 由…组成，由…构成；包含

The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices.
新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。

in the meantime
/ɪn ðə ˈmiːntaɪm/ 在此期间；（与此）同时

In the meantime, the war of nerves seems likely to continue.
与此同时，心理战似乎还可能继续。

infer
/ɪnˈfɜː/ v.[ T ](formal)推断，推论，推理

Much of the meaning must be inferred from the context.
大部份含意必须从上下文中推断。

expose (sb to sth)
/ɪkˈspəʊz/ v. 使…遭受（有害或不快的遭遇）；使…暴露于（险境）

A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger.
一个明智的母亲从不会置其孩子于丝毫可能的危险中。

astronaut
/ˈæstrənɔːt/ n.[ C ]宇航员，航天员

An astronaut is a person who is trained for traveling in a spacecraft.
宇航员是接受过宇宙飞船旅行训练的人。

dust
/dʌst/ n.[ U ]灰尘；尘土；沙土

A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off.
卡车开过时扬起一片灰尘。

capsule
/ˈkæpsjuːl/ n.[C]（宇宙飞船的）密封舱，太空舱

A Russian space capsule is currently orbiting the Earth.
一个俄罗斯太空舱目前正在绕地球轨道飞行。

exposure
/ɪkˈspəʊʒə/ n.[ C or U ]暴露；接触；面临；遭受

Exposure to the sun ages the skin.
太阳曝晒会使皮肤粗老。

trunk
/trʌŋk/ n.[ C ]树干

The tree trunk was hollow inside.
这树干里面是空的。