必修三册第二单元阅读讲解

必修三册第二单元第16页阅读讲解

MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
万婴之母

“Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
“生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。

As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life!”
林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”

Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
OB-GYN
obstetrics-gynecology [əbˈstetrɪks ˌgaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi] 妇产科
八年之后，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖----“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。

In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。

The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. “The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,” She told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救洽的是母婴两条生命，”她对科室的新入职的医务人员说道，“作为医生，我们必须对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”

Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others: “I'm ready to go,” she said. “Don't try to rescue me any more. Don't waste the medicine any more.”
deliver verb (GIVE BIRTH)
to (help) give birth to a baby
给…助产；接生

lie verb (POSITION)
present participle lying | past tense lay | past participle lain
to be in a horizontal[/ˌhɔːr.ɪˈzɑːn.t̬əl/水平的] position on a surface
躺；平躺；平卧

die
present participle dying | past tense and past participle died
to stop living or existing, either suddenly or slowly
死去，死亡，过世
虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。临终时，她仍在为别人着想。“我要走了，”她说，“不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。”

必修三册第二单元第20页阅读讲解

THE STONE IN THE ROAD
挡道的石头

Once upon a time there was a king who often thought, “Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.” One day, he had an idea.
once upon a time
used at the beginning of children's stories to mean "a long time ago"
﹝用于儿童故事的开头﹞从前，很久以前
从前有个国王，他经常思考：“如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，而且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。”有一天，他想到一个办法。

Early one morning, the king disguised himself and went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone. Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.
一天清晨，国王乔装打扮一番后，来到了当地的一座村庄。他把一块大石头放在了主路的中间，并且在石头下面藏了几枚金币。然后，他就躲在一棵大枫树后观察。

The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart. He crashed into the stone, spilling the milk everywhere. “What fool put this stone here?” he shouted. He picked himself up and angrily went away.
down preposition (ALONG)
along
沿着，顺

crash verb (HAVE AN ACCIDENT)
If a vehicle crashes or someone crashes it, it is involved in an accident, usually a serious one in which the vehicle is damaged and someone is hurt.
撞（车）；撞毁，撞坏；坠毁

into preposition (TOUCHING FORCEFULLY)
used to show movement that involves something touching something else with a lot of force but without moving inside it
碰上，撞上
路上走来的第一个人是推着车子的送奶工。他撞在石头上，牛奶四处飞溅。“哪个傻瓜把石头放在这里了？”他大喊道。他从地上爬起来，气呼呼地走了。

After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. She picked herself up and limped away in tears. Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
come along(ARRIVE)
to arrive or appear at a place
到达；出现

trip verb (LOSE BALANCE)
to lose your balance after knocking your foot against something when you are walking or running, or to cause someone to do this
绊，绊倒

over preposition (FALLING)
falling because of stepping on something
因为踩到某物而摔倒

limp verb (PERSON/ANIMAL)
[ I ]
to walk slowly and with difficulty because of having an injured or painful leg or foot
瘸着脚走，跛行
过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着个一罐水。其中一个女人被石头绊倒，水罐也摔到地上。她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。无论是她自己，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。

The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody making an attempt to move it. The king was in despair. “Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm?”
as conjunction (WHILE)
during the time that
当…时；在…的同时；随着

despair /dɪˈspeər/
the feeling that there is no hope and that you can do nothing to improve a difficult or worrying situation
绝望

keep sb/sth from sth
to prevent someone or something from doing something
阻止…做；防止…做
国王观察了一整天，看到很多人都埋怨这块石头，却没人试着把它挪开。国王陷入了绝望。“难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免遭不测吗？”

Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along. She was the daughter of a local farmer. She had been working all day and was very tired. But when she saw the stone, she said to herself, “This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark. I'll move it out of the way.”
say to oneself=think 自言自语
就在那时，国王看到一位小姑娘迎面走来。小姑娘是当地一位农民的女儿。忙活了一天，她疲惫不堪。然而，当她看到那块石头，她自言自语道：“对于天黑以后走在这条路上的人来说，这块石头很危险，我得把它从这条路上挪开。”

The girl pushed the stone with all her might. After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!
might noun [ U ]
power, strength, or force
力量；威力；能力

deal noun (AMOUNT)
a good/great deal
a large amount
大量；很多
女孩使出了全身力气去推石头。费了好大一番工夫，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。想象一下，当她看到原先石头所在之处的金币时有多么惊讶！

Just then, the king stepped out from behind the tree. “Oh sir,” the girl said, “does this gold belong to you? If not, we surely must find the owner, for he will certainly miss it.”
step -pp-
to move by lifting your foot and putting it down in a different place, or to put your foot on or in something
跨步，迈步；踩，踏

from behind
从 ... 后面

surely
used to express that you are certain or almost certain about something
肯定地，想必，无疑地

for conjunction (BECAUSE) 并列连词
because; as
因为，由于…的缘故

certainly adverb (IN NO DOUBT)
used to reply completely or to emphasize something and show that there is no doubt about it
（用于肯定的答复或强调）当然，毫无疑问，确实，肯定

miss verb (NOTICE)
[ T ]
to notice that something is lost or absent
发觉遗失；发觉…不在身边

miss verb (FEEL SAD)
[ T ]
to feel sad that a person or thing is not present
想念，惦念；怀念，思念
此时，国王从树后走了出来。“哦，先生，”女孩说道，“这些金币是您的吗？如果不是的话，我们得找到失主，他一定十分着急。”

The king said, “My dear, the gold is mine. I put it in the road and moved the stone over it. Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.”
over preposition (HIGHER POSITION)
above or higher than something else, sometimes so that one thing covers the other; above
在…上方

learn
[ I or T ]
to start to understand that you must change the way you behave
开始醒悟，开始明白

lesson
an experience that teaches you how to behave better in a similar situation in the future
经验，教训
国王答道：“亲爱的，金币是我的，是我把它放在了路上，然后把石头压在上面。现在，金币归你了，因为我想教给我的子民的道理，只有你一人学会了。”