选修二册第四单元阅读讲解

选修二册第四单元第38页阅读讲解

via /ˈvaɪə/ preposition (USING)
using a particular machine, system, or person to send or receive something
通过，凭借
SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA RAIL: VANCOUVER AND THE HEART OF CANADA
坐火车看“真北方”：温哥华与加拿大腹地

Atlantic /ətˈlæn.tɪk/ noun
the ocean that is to the west of Europe and Africa and to the east of North and South America
大西洋

Pacific /pəˈsɪf.ɪk/ noun
the ocean that is to the east of Asia and Australasia and to the west of North and South America
太平洋
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. For both of them，the thought of crossing the whole county by rail was exciting.
李黛予和表妺刘倩前往加拿大探望居住在大西洋海岸哈利法克斯市的表兄妹。她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。一想到可以坐火车横穿整个国家，姐妹俩就激动不已。

couple /ˈkʌp.əl/ noun (SOME)[ S ]
two or a few things that are similar or the same, or two or a few people who are in some way connected
（相似或相同事物的）一对，一双，几个；（有某种联系之人的）一对，几个

typical /ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/ adjective
showing all the bad characteristics that you expect from someone or something, often in a way that is annoying
（不良品质等）特有的，一向如此的，不出所料的

ride /raɪd/ noun [ C ]
a journey on a horse or bicycle, or in a vehicle
（骑马、骑车或乘坐车辆的）旅行，行程

craft /krɑːft/ noun (SKILL)
[ C or U ] plural crafts
skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience
（尤指制作东西的）工艺，手艺；技术

clear /klɪər/ adjective (PURE)
pure or easy to see through, with no marks or areas[区域] that are less transparent[/trænˈspær.ənt/透明的]
晴朗的；纯净的；透明的；清澈的

mild /maɪld/ adjective (WEATHER)
Mild weather is not very cold or not as cold as usual.
（天气）温和的，暖和的

pleased /pliːzd/ adjective
happy or satisfied
开心的；满意的

pleasant /ˈplez.ənt/ adjective
enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like
令人愉快的；宜人的；亲切友好的

away adverb (DISTANT)
at a distance (of or from here)
（距此）…远

关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，指代上文或下文所说的一件事。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后。
Einstein,as we all know,is a famous scientist.（例句）
众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。（译文）
Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques. The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city. Later they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.
岀发前，她们在温哥华待了两天，欣赏当地风光。第一天，温哥华一如往常细雨蒙蒙。尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座島屿。島上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。第二天，天气晴朗，温度适宜，她们看到壮美的群山俯瞰着整座城市，甚是欣喜。随后，她们在不远处的森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。

arise /əˈraɪz/ verb [I] (GET UP)
literary[文学上的]
to get out of bed
起床

massive /ˈmæs.ɪv/ adjective
very large in size, amount, or number
巨大的；大量的

literally /ˈlɪt.ər.əl.i/ adverb informal
used to emphasize what you are saying
（用于强调所说的话）确实，真正地

take sb's breath away
to be extremely beautiful or surprising
美得令…透不过气来；令…惊叹

exceptional /ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl/ adjective
much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc.
（尤指在技能、才智、品质等方面）卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的

coach /kəʊtʃ/ noun (VEHICLE)[ C ]
(US usually bus)
a long motor vehicle with comfortable seats, used to take groups of people on journeys
长途汽车；长途客车

bound /baʊnd/ adjective (DIRECTION)
[ after verb ]
going to
去…的；准备前往…的；开往…的

agree /əˈɡriː/ verb (HAVE THE SAME OPINION)[ I or T ]
to have the same opinion
持相同意见；赞成，赞同

awesome /ˈɔː.səm/ adjective
extremely good
很好的；了不起的

in addition (to)
as well (as)
除…之外还

spectacular /spekˈtæk.jə.lər/ adjective
very exciting to look at
壮观的，壮丽的；令人惊叹的

peak /piːk/ noun [C] (MOUNTAIN)
the pointed[尖的] top of a mountain, or the mountain itself
山顶；山峰

highlight /ˈhaɪ.laɪt/ noun (BEST PART)[ C ]
the best or most exciting, entertaining, or interesting part of something
最精彩的部分

grizzly bear /ˌɡrɪz.li ˈber/ noun [ C ]
(also grizzly)
a very large, greyish-brown[/ˈɡreɪ.ɪʃ-braʊn/灰褐色] bear from North America
（产于北美的）大灰熊

eagle /ˈiː.ɡəl/ noun [ C ]
a large, strong bird with a curved[/kɜːvd/弯曲的] beak[/biːk/喙(huì鸟兽的嘴)] that eats meat and can see very well
鹰
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
次日清晨，两个女孩早早起床，登上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大落基山脉。从车窗往外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。火车到站后，她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。住了一夜之后，她们乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。望着眼前的美景，两人一致认为这是她们所经历过的最棒的一次旅行。除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅程的亮点之一是能看到种类繁多的动物，如鹿、山羊、甚至还有只灰熊和一只老鹰。

catch /kætʃ/ verb (TRAVEL)[ T ]
to travel or be able to travel on an aircraft, train, bus, etc.
赶，乘，搭乘（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）

provincial adjective /prəˈvɪn.ʃəl/
relating to an area that is governed as part of a country or an empire[/ˈem.paɪər/帝国]
省的

huge /hjuːdʒ/ adjective
extremely large in size or amount
巨大的，庞大的

drill /drɪl/ verb (MAKE HOLE)[ I or T ]
to make a hole in something using a special tool
（用特殊工具）钻孔；打眼

freezing /ˈfriː.zɪŋ/ adjective, adverb
extremely cold
极冷的

average /ˈæv.ər.ɪdʒ/ verb [ T ]
to reach a particular amount as an average
平均数是，平均为

Celsius /ˈsel.si.əs/ noun [ U ], adjective
(also centigrade); (written abbreviation C)
(of) a measurement of temperature on a standard in which 0° is the temperature at which water freezes, and 100° the temperature at which it boils
摄氏温度

Fahrenheit /ˈfær.ən.haɪt/ adjective, noun [ U ]
(written abbreviation F)
(of) a measurement of temperature on a standard in which 32° is the temperature at which water freezes and 212° that at which it boils
华氏的；华氏温标（冰点为32度，沸点为212度）

since /sɪns/ conjunction (BECAUSE)
because; as
因为；既然
From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. One of the train's first stops was in Edmonton, the provincial capital of Alberta, the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas drilling industry. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃. Since it can be too cold to go outdoors, Edmonton is home to many shopping malls. In fact, one of the largest shopping malls in North America is in Edmonton.
在贾斯珀，她们坐上了开往多伦多的火车。火车的头几站中有一站是埃德蒙顿，这是阿尔伯塔的省会，也是加拿大庞大的油气开采业中心。埃德蒙顿冬季十分寒冷，日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。由于天寒地冻，不适合户外活动，因此埃德蒙顿拥有众多大型购物中心。事实上，北美最大的购物中心之一就在埃德蒙顿。

head /hed/ verb (GO)[ I + adv/prep ]
to go in a particular direction
朝某特定方向行进

prairie /ˈpreə.ri/ noun [ C or U ]
a wide area of flat land without trees in Canada and the northern US
（加拿大和美国北部的）大草原

slightly /ˈslaɪt.li/ adverb (SMALL IN AMOUNT)
a little
稍微，略微

anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ verb [T] (EXPECT)
to imagine or expect that something will happen
预期，期望；预料

open adjective (NOT ENCLOSED)
not closed in or covered
没有围上的，敞开的；开阔的；无遮盖的

bunch /bʌntʃ/ noun (GROUP)[ C ]
a number of things of the same type fastened together or in a close group
串；束；扎；一群；大量
From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty-seven million. However,they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.
火车从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南方行驶，一路穿越加拿大大草原。黛予和刘倩在学校学过，加拿大的人口才刚过3700万。但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，看到一片片广阔的农场。

eventually /ɪˈven.tʃu.ə.li/ adverb
in the end, especially after a long time or a lot of effort, problems, etc.
最终，终于

urban /ˈɜː.bən/ adjective [ before noun ]
of or in a city or town
城市的，城镇的

travel /ˈtræv.əl/ verb [ I ]
to move or go from one place to another
行进

thunder /ˈθʌn.dər/ verb[ I + adv/prep ]
to move, making a lot of noise
轰隆隆地移动

on adverb (MOVING FORWARD)
continuing forward in time or space
向前，前进地

rolling /ˈrəʊ.lɪŋ/ adjective [before noun] (OF HILLS)
(of hills) gently rising and falling
（山峦）平缓起伏的

confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ verb (PROVE TRUE)[ T ]
to prove that a belief or an opinion that was previously[/ˈpriː.vi.əs.li/以前地] not completely certain is true
确定；证实；肯定

curtain [ˈkɜːtn]n.
窗帘

stretch /stretʃ/ noun (PART)[ C usually singular ]
a continuous[/kənˈtɪn.ju.əs/连续的] area of land or water
（土地或水域的）一片，一段

duration /djʊəˈreɪ.ʃən/ noun [ U ]
the length of time that something lasts
持续时间

not...until...句型的强调句
It is (was) not until +被强调部分+that+其它成分
注意：此句型只用until，不用till。
He did not go to bed until ten o'clock.（原句）
→It was not until ten o'clock that he went to bed.（强调句）
直到十点，他才睡觉。（译文）
After another day on the train, eventually they were back in an urban area, the city of Winnipeg. From there, they travelled through the night, and woke up in Ontario——a land of forests and lakes.The train thundered on, through the rolling hills. The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold,and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. Night came again, and the train turned south towards Toronto. When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain, they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huron——one of the four Great Lakes on Ontario's southern border. It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. All in all,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.
她们在火车上又度过了一天，最终回到了都市区域——温尼伯市。从该市出发，她们连夜前行，从梦乡中醒来时，火车已抵达森林和湖泊密布的安大略省。火车继续轰隆隆地向前行驶，穿过绵延的群山。窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色，地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已进入秋季。夜幕再次降临，火车转向南行，开往多伦多。次日清晨，她们醒来，拉开车窗窗帘，辽阔的休伦湖映入眼帘。休伦湖是安大略省南部边境的四大湖之一。上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。从温哥华到多伦多，她们的旅行总共历时四天。

选修二册第四单元第43页阅读讲解

SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA RAIL: TORONTO AND MONTREAL
坐火车看“真北方”：多伦多和蒙特利尔

wealthy /ˈwel.θi/ adjective
rich
富有的，有钱的

kill verb (ENTERTAIN)
[ T ] mainly US informal
to make someone laugh a lot
让某人捧腹大笑；消磨（时间），打发（时光）

proceed /prəˈsiːd/ verb [ I ] formal
to move forward or travel in a particular direction
（朝特定方向）前进

leg noun [C] (STAGE)
a particular stage of a journey, competition, or activity
段，阶段；（旅程或赛程的）一段，一程

tour /tʊər/ noun [ C ]
a visit to a place or area, especially one during which you look around the place or area and learn about it
参观；游历，观光

shore /ʃɔːr/ noun [ C or U ]
the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or wide river
（海、湖或大河的）滨，岸

in the distance
at a point that is far away
在远处

astonish /əˈstɒn.ɪʃ/ verb [ T ]
to surprise someone very much
使吃惊；使惊讶

misty /ˈmɪs.ti/ adjective (WEATHER)
If the weather is misty, there is mist in the air that makes it difficult to see into the distance
雾的；有雾的；多雾的
After Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto,the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city. They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shores of Lake Ontario. Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake. Water from the lake flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.
李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。她们登上加拿大国家电视塔，眺望安大略湖畔。站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，越过尼亚加拉瀑布，最终汇人大海。

skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskreɪ.pər/ noun [ C ]
a very tall modern building, usually in a city
摩天大楼

available /əˈveɪ.lə.bəl/ adjective
If someone is available, they are not busy and therefore[因此] able to do something.
可取得联系的；有空的
The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel, and old-fashioned cars rolling by. As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here. I should phone her and see if she's available for dinner.”
两个女孩看到很多玻璃和钢筋建造的摩天大楼，还有老式汽车从身边驶过。离开港口区后，她们向北行走。李黛予说：“我妈妈的老同学林菲就住在这里。我得给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。”

dusk /dʌsk/ noun [ U ]
the time before night when it is not yet dark
黄昏

over preposition (DURING)
during something, or while doing something
在…期间
They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown. The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.
黄昏时分，她们在市中心唐人街的一家餐馆里与林菲见了面，并共进晚餐。林菲多年前就来到加拿大生活。表姐妹俩与她畅聊了一番。

therefore /ˈðeə.fɔːr/ adverb
for that reason
因此，因而，所以
“This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto. We have a few more in the Greater Toronto Area, so you can guess that there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming here for more than a hundred years. Therefore, we can get all kinds of great food here from all over China,” Lin Fei told them.
这是多伦多最大的唐人街。大多伦多地区还有几个唐人街，你们可以猜到加拿大有很多中国人！一百多年来，不断有中国人来到这里。所以，我们在这里能吃到中国各地的各色美食。林菲告诉她们。

contrast /ˈkɒn.trɑːst/ noun [ C or U ]
an obvious difference between two or more things
差别，差异；对照，对比

accent /ˈæk.sənt/ noun [C] (PRONUNCIATION)
the way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words
口音，腔调；土音
The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning. At the station, in contrast to Toronto, they heard people talking in French. They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements were in French and many people spoke English with an accent.
火车于当天深夜出发，次日一早抵达蒙特利尔。在火车站，她们听见人们用法语交谈，这与多伦多形成鲜明对比。两人惊奇地发现所有的标示牌和广告都是用法文写的，而且许多人说英语都有口音。

water /ˈwɔː.tər/ noun
the water contained in a particular lake, river, or part of the sea
（某一湖泊、河流或海洋的）水域
“We don't leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian, “Let's go downtown. Old Montreal is close to the water.”
“我们要到傍晩才动身。”刘倩说，“咱们到市区逛逛吧，蒙特利尔老城区就在河边。”

workplace /ˈwɜːk.pleɪs/ noun [ C or S ]
a building or room where people perform their jobs, or these places generally[通常]
工作场所

as conjunction (WHILE)
during the time that
当…时；在…的同时；随着
They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street. As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.
整个下午，她们穿梭于一家家可爱的小店，拜访圣保罗街边工作坊里的艺术家们。两人在宽阔的圣劳伦斯河边上的一家餐馆里落座后，一个小伙子也在她们身边坐了下来。

wonder /ˈwʌn.dər/ verb (QUESTION)[ I ]
to ask yourself questions or express a wish to know about something
疑惑；想知道
“Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe. I'm a photographer.” he said, “and I was wondering where you are from.”
你们好，我叫让·菲利普，是一名摄影师。”他说道，“请问你们从哪里来？”

owe it to yourself
to deserve and need to do something that will be good for you
自己理应做，自己当之无愧

toast noun (BREAD)
sliced bread made warm, crisp[脆] (= hard enough to break[折断]), and brown[棕色] by being put near a high heat
烤面包片，吐司
The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada. When they told him they had only one day in Montreal, he said, “That's too bad. You owe it to yourselves to stay longer. Overall, Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds. Most of us speak both English and French, and the city has unique Quebec culture and traditions. There are fantastic restaurants and clubs around, too. Here, we love good coffee, toast and cheese. And good music, of course!”
姑娘们告诉他，她们来自中国，并且正在进行横跨加拿大的火车之旅。得知她们只能在蒙特利尔逗留一天时，他说道：“那太可惜了，你们应该多待几天。总的来说，蒙特利尔是一座声色俱佳的城市。我们大多数人既说英语，也说法语。这座城市拥有独特的魁北克文化和传统。此外，这里还有很棒的餐馆和酒吧。这里的人酷爱美味的咖啡、吐司和奶酪。当然，还有动听的音乐！”

speed /spiːd/ verb [ I or T, usually + adv/prep ]
sped or speeded
to (cause to) move, go, or happen fast
（使）快速移动；（使）快速前行；加速；促进

down /daʊn/ preposition (ALONG)
along
沿着，顺

cobble /ˈkɒb.əl/ noun [ C usually plural ]
(also cobblestone, )
a rounded stone used on the surface of an old-fashioned road
（老式路面用的）鹅卵石
That night the train was speeding along the St. Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast towards the province of NovaScotia and its largest city, Halifax. The cousins dreamt happily of the beautiful cobblestone streets, old brick buildings, and the red maple leaves of Montreal.
当晩，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河向圣劳伦斯湾飞驰，经过远方的东海岸，驶向新斯科舍省及其最大的城市哈利法克斯。在梦乡中，表姐妹俩愉快地回味着蒙特利尔美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖砌建筑和鲜红的枫叶。