选修第四册-第四单元-词汇英汉详解

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parcel /ˈpɑː.səl/
noun [C] (TO SEND)mainly UK
(US usually package)
an object or collection of objects wrapped in paper, especially so that it can be sent by post
包裹,邮包
transitive verb
to make up into a parcel : WRAP
包;裹好;打包

jam /dʒæm/
noun (FOOD) [ C or U ]
a sweet, soft food made by cooking fruit with sugar to preserve it. It is eaten on bread.
果酱
noun (ON A ROAD) [ C ]
→ traffic jam
交通堵塞(同 traffic jam)

mail /meɪl/
noun (LETTERS/PACKAGES)[ S or U ]
(UK also post)
the letters, etc. that are sent to or from people, or the system for sending letters, etc. from place to place
信件,邮包;邮政(系统)
noun (EMAIL) [ C or U ]
email
电子邮件
verb [ T ] mainly US
(UK usually post)
to send a letter, etc. or to email something
邮寄;把…寄出

secondary /ˈsek.ən.der.i/
adjective (LESS IMPORTANT)
less important than related things
次要的
adjective (EDUCATION)[ before noun ] mainly UK
relating to the education of children approximately between the ages of 11 and 18 years old
中学的

clay /kleɪ/
noun [ U ]
thick, heavy soil that is soft when wet, and hard when dry or baked, used for making bricks and containers
黏土,陶土

dust /dʌst/
noun [ U ]
dry dirt in the form of powder that covers surfaces inside a building, or very small dry pieces of soil, sand, or other substances
灰尘;尘土;沙土
verb (CLEAN)
[ I or T ]
to use a cloth to remove dust from the surface of something
擦去…的灰尘,给…除尘

dusty /ˈdʌs.ti/
adjective
covered in dust
布满灰尘的

weed /wiːd/
noun (PLANT)[ C ]
any wild plant that grows in an unwanted place, especially in a garden or field where it prevents the cultivated plants from growing freely
杂草;野草
verb [ I or T ]
to remove wild plants from a place where they are not wanted
除草;为…除杂草

chorus /ˈkɔː.rəs/
noun[ C ]
a piece of music written to be sung by a choir (= group of singers)
合唱曲
noun (SINGING GROUP)[ C, + sing/pl verb ]
a group of people who are trained to sing together
合唱团,歌咏队
verb [ T + speech ]
(of a group of people) to say similar things at the same time
齐声说;异口同声地说

a chorus of
异口同声的;合唱

cotton /ˈkɒt.ən/
noun [ U ]
the threads that grow around the seeds of a tall plant grown especially in the US, China, and South Asia
棉,棉花
noun [ U ]
thread or cloth made from the fibres of the cotton plant
棉线;棉布

uniform /ˈjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/
noun [ C or U ]
a particular set of clothes that has to be worn by the members of the same organization or group of people
制服
noun [ C ]
a type of clothes that is connected with a particular group of people
(某一群体的人穿的)典型服装,特有服装
adjective
the same; not changing or different in any way
相同的;一律的;整齐划一的

not to mention
used when you want to emphasize something that you are adding to a list
除…之外(还),更不必说

tablet /ˈtæb.lət/
noun [C] (MEDICINE)
a small, solid piece of medicine
药片
noun [C] (BLOCK)
a thin, flat, often square piece of hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
匾,牌;块
noun [C] (COMPUTER)
(also tablet computer)
a small, flat computer that is controlled by touching the screen or by using a special pen
掌上电脑

rubber /ˈrʌb.ər/
noun (SUBSTANCE)[ U ]
an elastic substance (= that stretches) made either from the juice of particular tropical trees or artificially
橡胶;合成橡胶
noun[ C ] UK
an eraser mainly US
橡皮

washroom /ˈwɒʃ.ruːm/
noun [ C ] US
a room with a toilet and a place to wash your hands in it, in a public place such as a restaurant or school
厕所,洗手间

rigid /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/
adjective
not able to be changed or persuaded
死板的;固执的;顽固的;不易改变的

bubble /ˈbʌb.əl/
verb [ I ]
to produce bubbles
冒泡;沸腾

tube /tjuːb/
noun (PIPE) [ C ]
a long cylinder made from plastic, metal, rubber, or glass, especially used for moving or containing liquids or gases
(塑料、金属、橡胶或玻璃制成的)管,管子;管状物

circus /ˈsɜː.kəs/
noun (ENTERTAINMENT)[ C or S ]
a group of travelling performers including acrobats (= people skilled in difficult physical movements) or those who work with trained animals, or a performance by such people usually in a large tent
马戏团;马戏演员;马戏表演

chemist /ˈkem.ɪst/
noun [C] (SCIENCE)
a person who studies chemistry, or a scientist who works with chemicals or studies their reactions
化学师,化学家
noun [C] (MEDICINE)UK
(US pharmacist)
a person whose job is to prepare and sell medicines and other goods in a shop
药剂师
noun [ C ]UK
(UK also chemist's); (US drugstore)
a shop where you can buy medicines, make-up, and sometimes other things such as chocolate
(出售药品、化妆品等的)药店,药房

shade /ʃeɪd/
noun (SLIGHT DARKNESS)[ U ]
slight darkness caused by something blocking the direct light from the sun
阴处;阴凉处
noun [ C ]
a covering that is put over an electric light in order to make it less bright
灯罩
noun [ U ]
(also shading)
the parts of a picture or painting that the artist has made slightly darker than the other parts
(画作中的)阴影部分,暗部
verb (STOP LIGHT)[ T ]
to prevent direct light from shining on something
给…遮住直射光线

jaw /dʒɔː/
noun (BODY PART)[ C ]
the lower part of your face that moves when you open your mouth
下颌,下巴

wrinkle /ˈrɪŋ.kəl/
noun [C] (LINE)
a small line in the skin caused by old age
(年老时皮肤上的)皱纹
verb [ I or T ]
If skin or material wrinkles, or if something wrinkles it, it gets small lines or folds in it.
(使)起皱纹;(使)起褶皱
wrinkle your brow
to make folds appear on your face above your eyes to show that you are surprised or confused
皱眉(表示惊讶或疑惑)
wrinkle (up) your nose
to show that you dislike something or that you disapprove of something by tightening the muscles in your nose so that small lines appear in the skin
皱起鼻子(表示不喜欢或不赞成)

forehead /ˈfɒr.ɪd/
noun [ C ]
the flat part of the face, above the eyes and below the hair
前额,额头

hut /hʌt/
noun [ C ]
a small, simple building, usually consisting of one room
(通常只有一个房间的)小屋;简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)

housing /ˈhaʊ.zɪŋ/
noun [ U ]
buildings for people to live in
住房,住宅

platform /ˈplæt.fɔːm/
noun (STRUCTURE) [ C ]
a flat raised area or structure
平台
noun [ C ]
a long, flat raised structure at a railway station, where people get on and off trains
站台,月台
noun [ C ]
the raised part of the floor in a large room, from which you make a speech or give a musical performance
讲台;舞台
the platform UK
the people who are up on a platform in order to speak to an audience
讲台上的人

fireplace /ˈfaɪə.pleɪs/
noun [ C ]
a space in the wall of a room for a fire to burn in, or the decorated part that surrounds this space
壁炉;火炉

saucer /ˈsɔː.sər/
noun [ C ]
a small, curved plate that you put a cup on
茶碟,茶托;杯托

kettle /ˈket.əl/
noun [C] (EQUIPMENT)
a container for boiling water, that has a lid, handle, and spout and is made from plastic or metal
水壶,烧水壶

pan /pæn/
noun (CONTAINER)[ C ]
a metal container that is round and often has a long handle and a lid, used for cooking things on top of a cooker
平底锅
noun [ C ] US
(UK tin)
a metal container without a lid used for cooking food in the oven
(无盖的)烤模,烤盘

jar /dʒɑːr/
noun [C] (CONTAINER)
a glass or clay container with a wide opening at the top and sometimes a fitted lid, usually used for storing food
罐子,坛子;广口瓶

ripe /raɪp/
adjective (FRUIT/CROPS)
(of fruit or crops) completely developed and ready to be collected or eaten
(果实或庄稼)成熟的
adjective
having mature knowledge, understanding, or judgment
If a situation is ripe for a particular development or event, you mean that development or event is likely to happen soon.
时机成熟的

grill /ɡrɪl/
noun [ C ]
a frame of metal bars over a fire on which food can be put to be cooked
(置于火上的)烤架
noun [ C ]mainly US
an informal restaurant that sells grilled food such as hamburgers, steak, and chicken
烧烤店,烧烤餐馆

doorway /ˈdɔː.weɪ/
noun [ C ]
the space in a wall where a door opens, or a covered area just outside a door
出入口,门口;门道

leftover /ˈleftˌəʊ.vər/
adjective [ before noun ]
A leftover part of something is the part that has not been used or eaten when the other parts have been.
剩下的,留下的
noun
leftovers [ plural ]
food remaining after a meal
剩饭,剩菜

handshake /ˈhænd.ʃeɪk/
noun [ C ]
a greeting, or an act showing that you have made an agreement, in which two people who are facing each other take hold of and shake each other's right hand
握手

drag /dræɡ/
verb (PULL) [ T ]
to move something by pulling it along a surface, usually the ground, often with difficulty.
拖,拉,拽,牵引;[ verb T & I ]缓慢而费力地移动

privilege /ˈprɪv.əl.ɪdʒ/
noun [ C or U ]
an advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because of their position or because they are rich
(特定个体或群体的)特权,特别待遇,优惠待遇

plug /plʌɡ/
verb [T] (FILL HOLE)
to fill a hole with a piece of suitable material
堵;塞;填;封堵;补足
noun [C] (FOR HOLE)
a small piece of rubber, plastic, wood, etc. that fits into a hole in order to close it
塞子,栓子;堵塞物
noun [C] (ELECTRICAL)
a small plastic or rubber object with two or three metal pins, attached to the end of a wire on a piece of electrical equipment and pushed into a special opening in a wall to connect the equipment to a supply of electricity
插头
noun [ C ]
mainly UK informal
an electric socket
插座

disabled /dɪˈseɪ.bəld/
adjective
not having one or more of the physical or mental abilities that most people have
残疾的,丧失能力的
adjective[ before noun ]
specially relating to or intended for disabled people
残疾人的;残疾人用的

resign /rɪˈzaɪn/
verb [ I or T ]
to give up a job or position by telling your employer that you are leaving
辞职;辞去(职务);放弃(工作)

deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/
verb [ T not continuous ]
to have earned or to be given something because of the way you have behaved or the qualities you have
值得;应得;应受

lately /ˈleɪt.li/
adverb
recently
最近,近来,不久前

input /ˈɪn.pʊt/
noun[ C or U ]
something such as energy, money, or information that is put into a system, organization, or machine so that it can operate
(能源、资金或信息的)投入,输入
verb [ T ]
inputting | inputted or input
to put information into a computer or other piece of electronic equipment
(将信息)输入;录入(电脑或其他电子设备)

tune /tjuːn/
noun (MUSICAL NOTES)[ C ]
a series of musical notes, especially one that is pleasant and easy to remember
曲调,曲子;旋律
verb [T] (INSTRUMENT)
to change a part of a musical instrument so that the instrument produces the correct sounds when played
为(乐器)调音(或定弦)
verb [T] (RADIO)
to move the controls on a radio, television, etc. so that it receives programmes broadcast from a particular station
给(收音机、电视等)调谐,为…调频率,调频道
verb [T] (ENGINE)
to make slight changes to an engine so that it works as well as possible
把(发动机)调试到最佳运转状态

contract /kənˈtrækt/
verb (BECOME ILL)[ T ] formal
to catch or become ill with a disease
患上,感染(疾病)
verb (AGREEMENT)[ I or T ]
to make a legal agreement with someone to do work or to have work done for you
(与…)订立合同;(与…)订契约

contract /ˈkɒn.trækt/
noun [ C ]
a legal document that states and explains a formal agreement between two different people or groups, or the agreement itself
合同;契约

grant /ɡrænt/
noun [ C ]
an amount of money given especially by the government to a person or organization for a special purpose
(尤指政府为特殊目的给予个人或组织的)拨款,补助金
verb (GIVE)[ T ]
to give or allow someone something, usually in an official way
(通常指官方)同意,准予,准许,授予

take sth for granted
to believe something to be the truth without even thinking about it
认为…是理所当然的

take sth or sb for granted
If you take situations or people for granted, you do not realize or show that you are grateful for how much you get from them.
视…为理所当然(而不去表示感激);(认为理所当然而)不去重视…

cardiac /ˈkɑː.di.æk/
adjective
of the heart or heart disease
心脏的;心脏病的

circuit /ˈsɜː.kɪt/
noun (VISITS)[ C ]
a regular pattern of visits or the places visited
巡回;巡游;巡回之地
noun (TRACK)[ C ]
something shaped approximately like a circle, especially a route, path, or sports track that starts and ends in the same place
环行物;(尤指)环形道路(或路线、赛道)

disability /ˌdɪs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
noun [ C or U ]
an illness, injury, or condition that makes it difficult for someone to do the things that other people do
残疾,缺陷,残障,障碍

consultation /ˌkɒn.sʌlˈteɪ.ʃən/
noun [ C ]
a meeting to discuss something or to get advice
协商会,磋商会;咨询会
noun [ U ]
the process of discussing something with someone in order to get their advice or opinion about it
磋商;咨询;求教

relay /ˌrɪˈleɪ/
verb [ T ]
to repeat something you have heard, or to broadcast a signal, message, or programme on television or radio
传达,转发;播放;转播
noun [C] (TEAM)
a group of people who continue an activity that others from the same team or organization have been doing previously
接替的一组人;轮换的一队人;接班的人
noun [ C ]
(also relay race)
a running or swimming race between two or more teams in which each person in the team runs or swims part of the race
(跑步或游泳的)接力赛

relay to
把…传到…;转达给…;转发给…

criterion /kraɪˈtɪə.ri.ən/
noun [ C ]
[ plural criteria /-ri.ə / ]
a standard by which you judge, decide about, or deal with something
(作出评判、决定或处理的)标准,准则;原则

stability /stəˈbɪl.ə.ti/
noun [ U ]
a situation in which something is not likely to move or change
稳定(性);稳固(性)

pray /preɪ/
verb [ I or T ]
to speak to a god either privately or in a religious ceremony in order to express love, admiration, or thanks or in order to ask for something
祷告,祈祷
verb [ I ]
to hope for something very much
强烈地希望;祈望,祈求;企盼

pray that
祈祷…;但愿…

hypothetical /ˌhaɪ.pəˈθet.ɪ.kəl/
adjective
imagined or suggested but not necessarily real or true
假定的,假设的

Papua New Guinea /ˌpæp.u.ə njuː ˈɡɪn.i/
noun
a country in Australasia, forming part of the island of New Guinea
巴布亚新几内亚(南太平洋岛国)

Ghana /ˈɡɑː.nə/
noun
a country in west Africa
加纳(西非国家)

Congo /ˈkɒŋ.ɡəʊ/
noun
a country in Central Africa
刚果(共和国)

Panama /ˈpæn.ə.mɑː/
noun
a country in Central America
巴拿马(中美洲国家)



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